iosr-JMCE   6th National Conference on "Recent Developments In Mechanical Engineering- 2017"

Abstract: The transformation from conventional hydro mechanical control system to modern digital control represents a revolutionary change with new capabilities, easy operation and lesser workload. Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) is a system consisting of digital computer known as Electronic Control Unit (ECU) with auxiliary components for controlling aircraft engine and propeller. It is produced for both piston engines and jet engines. The term Full Authority indicates that there is no manual override available, thus placing full authority over operating features to the computer. This technology with a characteristic feature of single lever control runs the engine in optimal..............

Keywords –Control system, ECU, Engine, FADEC, Sensors.

[1] Md. Akhtar khan1, Md. Muqthar ghori2, Syed Abdul Khaliqh3, Md. Mohsin Ali4, Experimental Study of Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC) System on Lycoming Engine, International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER),3(6), 2013,3591-3603.
[2] N. Kumar, S.Kumar,Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC),International Journal of Emerging Trends in Science and Technology, 2(10),2015,3298-3302.
[3] R.Andoga, L.Fozo, L. Madarász, J. Považan,FADEC control system for MPM 20 engine,Technical University of Košice,Dep. Of Cybernetics and Artificial IntelligenceInternational symposium on Applied machine intelligence and informatics,2009.
[4] B. Githanjali, P. Shobha, K.S.Ramprasad and K.Venkataraju,Full authority digital engine controller for marine gas turbine engine,ASME Turbo Expo,Power for Land, Sea and Air,2,2006, 611-618.
[5] S.R.Balakrishnan,Control System Development Experience for Aero Gas Turbine Demonstrator Engines, Progress in Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos, 1,2013, 15-22.

Abstract: Planetary gears are very popular as a power transmission and extensively used in different industrial fields like automobiles, helicopters, aircraft engines, heavy machinery, and a variety of other applications to perform speed reduction due to several advantages over conventional parallel shaft gear systems. The advantages include compactness, high torque to weight ratios, reduced radial bending loads. Many researchers have worked to optimize the radial size of planetary gear box. In this paper 3stage planetary gear box is redesigned by reducing one stage which will be suitable for machine tool application where the space and load constrains is the prime objectives. Analytical and numerical results are compared to see the effectiveness of modified planetary gear box.

Keywords–Optimization, Planetary gear box (PGT), Tangential load

[1] L.Chang, G. Liu, Liyan Wu, - A robust model for determining the mesh stiffness of cylindrical gears, Mechanism and Machine Theory, 87,2015, 93–114 .
[2] D. Ibrahim Syed, Md. Abdul Raheem Junaidi,S.Nawazish Mehdi ,Design, Load Analysis and Optimization of Compound Epicyclic Gear Trains, American Journal of Engineering Research ISSN 2320-0936,2(10), 2013, 146-153.
[3] B-R Höhn, K. Stahl ,P.Gwinner ,Light-Weight Design for Planetary Gear Transmissions, Gear Technology,2013,96-103.
[4] N. Marjanovic, Biserka Isailovic, Vesna Marjanovic, Zoran Milojevic, Mirko Blagojevic, Milorad Bojic, ―A practical approach to the optimization of gear trains with spur gears, Mechanism and Machine Theory ,53 ,2012,1–16

Abstract:This paper demonstrates the application of Grenade Explosion Method (GEM) for the design optimization of Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger (PFHE). Maximization of the effectiveness and minimization of the total annual cost are considered as two objective functions. Thermal modelling is done by the ε-NTU method to estimate the heat exchanger effectiveness and pressure drop. Fin pitch, fin height, the fin offset length, cold stream flow length, no-flow length and hot stream flow length are considered as six design parameters. One application example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of the Grenade Explosion Method. The results of optimization using GEM are validated by comparing with those obtained by using Non- Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II).

Keywords - Grenade Explosion Method (GEM), Optimization, Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II), Plate-Fin Heat Exchanger (PFHE)

[1] R.K.Shah,D.P.Sekulic,Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design(John Wiley &Sons, New York, 2003).
[2] Hesselgreaves, J.E.,Compact Heat Exchangers: Selection, Design, and Operation(Pergamon, New York, 2001).
[3] G.N Xie,B.Sunden,Q.W.Wang,Optimization of compact heat exchangers by a genetic algorithm,Applied Thermal Engineering,28(8-9), 2008, 895–906.
[4] M.Mishra , P.K.Das,S. Sarangi,Second law based optimization of cross-flow plate-fin heat exchanger design using a genetic algorithm,Applied Thermal Engineering,29(14-15),2009, 2983–2989.
[5] B.Sahin, K.Yakut, I. Kotcioglu, C.Celik,Optimum design parameters of a heat exchanger, Applied Energy, 82(1), 2005, 90–106.

Abstract: Bellows is a standout amongst the most vital segment in the expansion joint and has the capacity to absorb regular and irregular expansion and contraction of the system. Bellows requires high strength and great flexibility, which can be accomplished by great design and appropriate manufacturing strategy. The design is referred from EJMA (Expansion Joint Manufacturing Association) yet at the same time proper arrangement choice makes it troublesome The metal bellows are fabricated with various techniques like shaping, hydro forming, bulging, drawing...............

Keywords – Analytical approach; Bellows; Fatigue life analysis; Membrane stress; MATLAB Simulation.

[1] ASME, "ASME boiler and pressure vessel code-section VIII, division 1," in Appendix 26—Pressure Vessel and Heat Exchanger Joints, ASME, New York, NY, USA, 2000.
[2] EJMA, Standards of Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association, Expansion Joint Manufacturers Association, New York, NY, USA, 9th edition, 2008.
[3] H. Shaikh, G. George, and H. S. Khatak, "Failure analysis of an AM 350 steel bellows," Engineering Failure Analysis, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 571–576, 2001.
[4] G. I. Broman, A. P. J¨onsson, and M. P. Hermann, "Determining dynamic characteristics of bellows by manipulated beam finite elements of commercial software," International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, vol. 77, no. 8, pp. 445–453, 2000.
[5] T. Li, "Effect of the elliptic degree ofΩ-shaped bellows toroid on its stresses," International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, vol. 75, no. 13, pp. 951–954, 1998.

Abstract: The measurement of fluid flow rate is important in many industrial applications like rocket propellant, petroleum industry, hydroelectricity station, water meter. Orifice, venturies meter, nozzles, venturi cones, venturi nozzles, drag plates are traditional flow rate measuring instruments. But, The V-Cone throttle device has been paid more and more attentions on the measurement of the wet gas flow in recent years. V-Cone flow meter has varies advantages over conventional flow meter. Finding out V-Cone Meter characteristics for measuring water flow rate is scope of this dissertation. In this research, beta ratio is considered between 0.55 to 0.85. By using volumetric flow equation..........

Keywords - V-Cone Meter, beta ratio, CFD, water flow rate

[1] W.Zhu, J. Meng, Z.Yin, 3-D Numerical Simulation And Analysis On V-Cone Flowmeter Based On LES Method, Applied Mechanics And Materials, Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland, Online: 2011-08-22, ISSN: 1662-7482, 88-89, 408-412.
[2] J.L .Szabo, C.P .Winarski,P.R. Hypnar, A Review of the V-Cone Meter for Natural Gas Flows, Omae Calgary, Alberta, June 7-11th, 1992.
[3] RJW Peters, R. Steven, An Overview of the Micrometer V-Cone Meter American School of Gas Measurement Technology 2003, 3255 w, STETSON AVE., HEMET, CA,92545-7799.
[4] F. Dong, C Tan, W Li, F S Zhang, Flow Rate Measurement of Oil-Water Two-Phase Flow Based on V-Cone Meter Flow Meter, 6th International Symposium on Measurement Techniques for Multiphase Flows, Flows IOP Publishing, Journal of Physics: Conference Series 147,2009, 012059 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/147/1/012059.

Abstract: Hydroforming process has increasing demand in automotive and aerospace industry. As the demand of this technology or process increasing gradually it requires the proper research and development on all aspects in hydroforming process. Hydroforming pressure and coefficient of friction between (COF) tube and die are important parameters in hydroforming process. This paper presents results which were obtained by implementing the early developed mathematical models for estimation of hydroformig pressure[2]and COF [4] on T-Shaped tube hydroformed parts. By applying corresponding formulae hydroform pressure required and COF between hydroformed part and die is determined by using analytical and numerical approach .The results obtained from analytical and numerical approach are compared.

Keywords - Tube hydroforming, Hydroformig pressure, Coefficient of friction (COF), MS Excel, MATLAB

[1] M. Koc ,T. Altan,An overall review of the tube hydroforming (THF) technology, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 108(3),2001, 384-393
[2] N. Asnafi ,A. Skogsgardh ,Theoretical and experimental analysis of stroke controlled tube hydroforming , Journal of materials Science and engineering, A279,2000,95-110
[3] B.Sreenivasulu1, G. Prasanthi, T. Naresh Kumar, Simulative Analysis Of Tube Hydroforming Process", International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology ,2 (11),2013,756-763
[4] M. Plancak,, F. Vollertsen, J. Woitschig ,Analysis, finite element simulation and experimental investigation of friction in tube hydroforming ,Journal of Materials Processing Technology 170,2005,220–228.
[5] M.Mizumura , O. Honda , T.Yoshida , K. Iguchi , Y. Kuriyama,Development of Hydroforming Technology, Nippon Steel Technical Report No:-90, 2004,116-121

Abstract: Planetary gear boxes are used in different applications like power transmitting systems of machine tools and so on. Planetary gear boxes have the advantages of high power transmiting ability, large reduction in a small volume, multi stage reduction combinations, and axial direction of power path. Gears in planetary gear boxes sometimes get short life due to wear and breakage by repetitive load during operation time. In this work, a design evaluation for the high power transmitting through planetary gear box at low space application was performed to ensure the gears' stability and durability during operation time.

Keywords -Design for compact and high reduction power transmitting, Durability, planetary gear box, Reduction gear, Ring gear, Sun gear, Stability.

[1] L. Chang, G.Liu, Liyan Wu , A robust model for determining the mesh stiffness of cylindrical gears, Mechanism and Machine Theory 87,2015,93–114
[2] S.H.Gawande , S.N.Shaikh , Experimental Investigations of Noise Control in Planetary Gear by phasing,Hindawi Publishing Coorporation,Journal of Engineering ,2014,Article ID 857462,doi.org/10.1155/2014/857462
[3] J.Stefanović-Marinović , Load Allocation and Equilibrium for Planetary Gear Reducers of Earth-Pressure-Balance Shield Machine, Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation, 2,2012, 365-373
[4] S.H.Gawande , S.N.Shaikh, Noise Level reduction in Planetary gear set , Journal of Mechanical Design and vibration,.2(3),2014,60-62.DOI:10.12691/jmdv-2-3-1
[5] A.Kapelevich ,High Gear Ratio Epicyclic Drives Analysis, Gear Technology, 2014, 61-67

Abstract: Biogas produced from organic wastes is a potential alternative to the partial substitution of petroleum derived fuels because it is from renewable resources that are widely available. Biofuels derived from biomass are considered as good alternative to petroleum fuels. Biogas, a biomass derived fuel can be used in internal combustion (IC) engines. The main three objectives of this research was extraction of biomethane from biogas by using high pressure water scrubbing, conversion of diesel engine into biomethane engine. Injector nozzles were replaced by spark plugs and spark-ignition system with high-voltage was installed to ignite mixture. Biogas mixer system (venturi type) with..............

Keywords -Organic waste, Biomass, Alternative Fuel, Biomethane Engine

[1] J. Traino,S. Jiries, Biomethane: An economical and sustainable alternative vehicle fuel source, Bursic, 2014.
[2] Biogas to Biomethane technology review,Vienna University of Technology (AUSTRIA),Institute of Chemical Engineering, Research Divison Thermal Process Engineering and Simulation, May 2012
[3] A.J. Bruijstens, W.P.H. Beuman, M.v.d. Molen, J.d. Rijke, R.P.M. Cloudt, G. Kadijk, O.o.d. Camp, S. Bleuanus, TNO Automotive, Biogas composition and engine performance, including database and biogas property, Björn Hugosson, City of Stockholm Local Consortium Pierre Hirtzberger, January 2008
[4] Okobit, The biogas expert, Biogas plant, Fohren, Germany, 2011
[5] N. N. Dung, A Study of Conversion Diesel Engine to Fully Biogas Engine with Electronically Controlled, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, December 2012.

Abstract: Biogas upgrading and the production of bio-methane nowadays is a state-of-the-art-process of gas separation. A number of different technologies to fulfil the task of producing a bio-methane stream of sufficient quality to act as a vehicle fuel or to be injected into the natural gas grid are already commercially available and have proven to be technically and economically feasible. Nevertheless, intensive research is still in progress to optimise and further develop these technologies as well as to apply novel technologies to the field of biogas upgrading. All technologies have their own specific advantages and disadvantages and this review shows, that no technology is the optimal solution...............

Keywords -Biogas, CO2 Sequestration, hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) biogas upgrading, bio-methane

[1] Biogas upgrading and utilization,IEA Bioenergy Task 24 - Energy from biological conversion of organic waste Lindberg, Wellinger; Sweden & Switzerland, 2006. www.iea-biogas.net
[2] Techniques for transformation of biogas to biomethane,,Biomass and Bioenergy,35,2011,1633-1645 Ryckebosch, Drouillon,Vervaeren;2011 www.journals.elsevier.com/biomass-and-bioenergy
[3] Dubey AK. Wet scrubbing of carbon dioxide, Annual report of CIAE, Bhopal (India); 2000.
[4] Khapre UL. Studies on biogas utilization for domestic cooking. Paper presented at XXV annual convention of ISAE, held at CTAE, Udaipur; 1989.
[5] Bhattacharya TK, Mishra TN, Singh B. Techniques for removal of CO2 and H2S from biogas, Paper presented at XXIV annual convention of ISAE, held at PKV, Akola, 1988

Abstract: The project aims to designing experiment test set up for commercial as well as experimental purpose in Refrigeration and Air conditioning laboratories. Case study is done at the MESCOE, Pune laboratory. The ice plant test rig is used to evaluate capacity of the ice plant, calculate coefficient of performance (COP) of the system, to reduce the refrigeration time and plot the system performance on P-H chart. For the design purpose cooling load required to produce definite quantity of ice estimated using heat transfer relation is calculated by using vapour compression cycle.................

Keywords -Refrigeration, Compression, refrigerant, Cycle, Evaporation, Coefficient of performance

[1] P. Yadav and B. R. Singh.,A study on analysis and fabrication on ice plant model, Samridhhi-A Journal of Physical Sciences,Engineering and Technology (S-JPSET),2(1), 2011.
[2] S. K. Wang ,Handbook of Air Conditioning And Refrigeration( McGraw Hills Publication, Second Edition, 2000).
[3] Rex Miller & Mark R. Miller,A textbook of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning,( McGraw Hills Publication, 2006-04-01).
[4] P. Arora ,Refrigeration and air conditioning,( McGraw Hills Publication, Third Edition, 2014).